What is the purpose of weight and balance calculations?

Weight and balance calculations are critical for ensuring that an aircraft is loaded within its specified limits, which is essential for safe flight operations. Each aircraft has specific weight and balance criteria set by the manufacturer that dictate the maximum allowable weight and the distribution of weight across the aircraft.

This calculation helps maintain the aircraft's center of gravity within safe limits. If the aircraft is too heavy or improperly balanced, it can lead to performance issues such as reduced climb rate, control difficulties, or even structural failures during flight. Proper weight and balance ensure that the aircraft can be operated safely within its performance envelope, thereby enhancing the overall safety of the flight.

While other options involve aspects relevant to flying, such as cost efficiency, fuel optimization, and communication protocols, they do not address the fundamental need to ensure that the aircraft can be flown safely and effectively based on its loading. Therefore, the primary objective of weight and balance calculations is to ensure that flight can be conducted safely with the aircraft loaded correctly.