What does IFR stand for in aviation?

In aviation, IFR stands for Instrument Flight Rules. This set of regulations governs the operation of an aircraft in weather conditions generally less than the minimums required for visual flight rules (VFR). IFR allows pilots to fly in clouds and low visibility conditions by relying on instruments in the cockpit rather than visual reference outside the aircraft.

Under IFR, pilots must adhere to specific procedures and communicate with air traffic control to ensure safe navigation and separation from other aircraft. The necessity for tool-based navigation and reliance on instrumentation becomes especially critical when visibility is compromised, such as during inclement weather or nighttime operations. This framework is key for maintaining safety and operational efficiency within controlled airspace.